CHAPTER 5 RESEARCH-BASED TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE 21ST CENTURY

CHAPTER 5

RESEARCH-BASED TEACHING AND LEARNING IN THE 21^ST CENTURY

Research-based Teaching means that the learners, teachers and the curriculum apply research- based approach in the learning- teaching process with an open outcome. The demands of the 21^st century are solving problems flexibly, thinking critically and creatively, using knowledge and skills in new situations, collaboration and communication skills and technology literacy. The principles of teaching for the 21^ST century identified by Suzanne Donovan and John Bransford (2005) 1. Teacher must address and build upon prior knowledge to promote student learning. 2. In order to develop understanding and effectively retrieve and apply knowledge in real-world contexts. 3. Students learn more effectively when they are aware of how they learn and know how to monitor and reflect on their own learning. To help students learn for mastery the teacher must ensure mastery by seeing to it that he/she creates a positive learning atmosphere develops through understanding of the lesson not only memory or recall and that he/she gives opportunities to students to extend and apply their learning. The nine effective instructional strategies of Research-based Teaching when grouped can be categorized into three: Creating the positive environment for learning, help students develop understanding and helping students extend and apply knowledge.  The effective ways of creating positive environment are 1.) Setting learning objectives and providing specific feedback in relation to the objectives 2.)Reinforcing student’s individual effort which is the most reliable way to achievement and providing genuine recognition 3.)Employing cooperative learning. To help students develop understanding of lesson learned are it must be 1.) Focusing on what is important by giving explicit cues, asking questions and advance graphic organizers 2.) Using non-linguistic representations such as graphic organizers, physical models or manipulative, pictures, mental pictures, illustrations, pictographs and kinesthetic activities 3.)Summarizing and note taking 4.) Assigning meaningful homework and providing correct practice. Two ways to help students extend and apply their learning are 1.)Identifying similarities and differences 2.) Generating and testing hypotheses.

I have learned that Research-based Teaching and Learning helps to internalize and practice research conducts and methods, skills such as formulating a precise question and processing and monitoring a research process. Students attain abilities in dealing with uncertainty, independence, teamwork and organizational skills. Students need experiences that allow them to collaborate, communicate effectively, be open to diverse perspectives and incorporate group feedback into their schoolwork. The ability to work collaboratively and creatively with others has become an essential skill for long-term success.

As a future teacher, I can apply the Research-based Teaching and Learning by collecting evidence of gains in student knowledge and problem solving capability in the specific curriculum content; and evidence of the opportunities provided by the design for students to experience collaboration, self-regulation, skilled communication. Teaching and learning knowledge and skills by knowledge construction and real-world problem solving and innovation supported through collaboration, self-regulation, use of and skilled communication.